LATCH: Wurman's Five Modes of Organization

Richard Saul Wurman's LATCH model proposes five ways of organizing information: Location (organizing by place, atlases, travel sites, real estate, location-aware apps), Alphabet (useful for large collections with no other suitable organizing principle, such as dictionaries and directories, especially when the audience doesn't share a common understanding needed for other modes), Time (organizing by chronology, historical timelines, TV guides, calendars, step-by-step instructions), Category (grouping similar or related items, which requires that the audience shares an understanding of what the categories mean), and Hierarchy (ordering items by importance or value, like the most popular products or the cheapest flights).

The source material is candid that LATCH, while a useful quick-reference model, is "excessively prescriptive." There are more ways to organize information than these five modes. And Wurman's fifth mode is a particular source of confusion: he originally called it "continuum," which described its actual meaning, ordering by degree or value, far better than the word he settled on, "hierarchy," chosen mainly so the acronym would work. That's a different, narrower meaning than the structural-pattern sense of hierarchy covered earlier in this chapter, and conflating the two can cause real confusion.

LATCH is a genuinely useful checklist for a first pass at organizing information: it's just not the last word on the subject, and its own fifth letter doesn't mean what you'd assume.

Exercise

The scenario: A museum is designing a digital archive of its collection and wants to let visitors explore it in several different ways. Match each exploration mode to a LATCH category.

1. "Show me everything discovered in the Mediterranean region."
2. "Let me browse artifacts by the century they were made."
3. "Let me look up a specific artifact by its catalog name, alphabetically."
4. "Show me the museum's ten most popular artifacts, ranked by visitor engagement."